![]() Ockham distinguishes several kinds of natural law (1995 (1): 286-93), including natural laws 'on supposition': supposing certain contingent facts, natural reason sees intuitively that certain kinds of action are on that supposition morally right or wrong. Thomas Aquinas: The essential idea of the theory, as Thomas Aquinas and Ockham hold it, is that the human mind, reflecting on and analysing human experience, can 'see' the truth of various fundamental moral norms, which are thus 'self-evident', not in need of proof, and too fundamental to be capable of proof (Thomas Aquinas, Summa, 1-2, q. Natural justice/natural right/natural law/Ockham/Kilcullen: In his political writings Ockham makes much use of the theory of natural law* which originated in ancient philosophy ** and had been taken up again by medieval theologians and lawyers. Here are additional selected citations in chronological order starting in 1933.Ĭontinue reading Everything Should Be Made as Simple as Possible, But Not Simpler Posted on OctoCategories Albert Einstein, Louis Zukofsky Tags Albert Einstein, Louis Zukofsky, Sydney J.William of Ockham on Natural Justice - Dictionary of Arguments Gaus I 346 Zukofsky also incorporated the saying in section A-12 of his massive poem titled “A”. Professor Mark Scroggins who has specialist knowledge of Zukofsky believes that the poet probably acquired the aphorism by reading the article by Sessions. The wording used by Sessions and Zukofsky is the same, and it differs somewhat from the most common modern version of the quote. There is also the other side of the coin minted by Einstein: “Everything should be as simple as it can be, but not simpler” – a scientist’s defense of art and knowledge – of lightness, completeness and accuracy. The saying was credited to Einstein and placed inside quotation marks by Zukofsky. In June of 1950 the maxim appeared in the journal Poetry in a book review written by the prominent modernist poet Louis Zukofsky. Indeed, Einstein did express a similar idea using different words as shown by the 1933 citation given further below. Since Sessions used the locution “in effect” he was signaling the possibility that he was paraphrasing Einstein and not presenting his exact words. He said, in effect, that everything should be as simple as it can be but not simpler! I also remember a remark of Albert Einstein, which certainly applies to music. The New York Times published an article by the composer Roger Sessions on Janutitled “How a ‘Difficult’ Composer Gets That Way”, and it included a version of the saying attributed to Einstein : The earliest known appearance of the aphorism was located by poet and scholar Mark Scroggins and later independently by top-flight quotation researcher Ken Hirsch. This quotation prompts the most queries it appeared in Reader’s Digest in July 1977, with no documentation. ![]() Quote Investigator: The reference work “The Ultimate Quotable Einstein” published in 2010 is the most comprehensive source for reliable information about the sayings of Albert Einstein, and it states : ![]() I like this saying because it compactly articulates the principle of Occam’s razor. I would like to know if the following is a real Einstein quote or if it is apocryphal:Įverything should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler. Hence a large number of spurious quotes are attributed to him. Albert Einstein? Louis Zukofsky? Roger Sessions? William of Ockham? Anonymous?ĭear Quote Investigator: The credibility of a quotation is increased substantially if it can be ascribed to a widely-recognized genius such as Albert Einstein.
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